Dayah, Michael. Dynamic Periodic Table. 1 Oct. 1997. Web. 30 May 2014 <http://www.ptable.com>.
- Mendeleev first created the periodic table and organized it in increasing atomic mass
- Moseley's new modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic number or protons.
- Metals are good conductors, ductile, and malleable.
- Most elements on the periodic table are metals, they can be found on the left side of the staircase.
- Non-metals are the complete opposites of metals for example bad conductors and non ductile.
- Semi metals have properties that are similar to metals and also non-metals.
Cool, Ms. 2.B The Periodic Table. Merced: Ms. Cool, 2013. Print.
Westin, Brian. "Compfight." Image Search for Atomic Structure / / A Flickr Search Tool. Brian Westin, 2 Jan. 2012. Web. 29 May 2014
Key Concepts!
- Atoms are composed of protons, electrons and neutrons
- Electrons contain a negative charge, Protons contain a Positive charge and Neutrons contain a neutral charge.
- Elements are different because they have different numbers of protons
- The number of Protons are equal to the number of Electrons
- Atomic numbers are the same as the number of Protons
Cool, Ms. 2.A Atomic Structures. Merced: Ms. Cool, 2013. Print.
State, Penn. "Compfight." Image Search for Atomic Element / / A Flickr Search Tool. Penn State, Aug. 2010. Web. 29 May 2014.
- Atomic numbers are located at the top of the element
- Mass numbers are located at the bottom of the element
- Mass numbers can be found by adding the Protons and Neutrons of the element
- Neutrons can also be found by subtracting the mass number by the atomic number.
Cool, Ms. 2.A Atomic Structures. Merced: Ms. Cool, 2013. Print.
Greenstein, Ms. "Compfight." Image Search for Atomic Structure / / A Flickr Search Tool. Ms. Greenstein, 13 Nov. 2012. Web. 29 May 2014.
- John Dalton had a mistake on his theory, that the same elements have the same amount of neutrons.
- This is not true, the same elements may have different amounts of neutrons.
- This explains why we have different mass numbers
- These are called Isotopes.
- The picture above proves that Dalton's theory was wrong, the element will not have the same amount of neutrons.
Cool, Ms. 2.B The Periodic Table. Merced: Ms. Cool, 2013. Print.
- Radiation is the penetrating rays that are emitted from a radioactive source.
- This disproved Dalton's invisible atom theory
- The stability of an atom's nucleus depends on the protons and neutrons. If the amount of neutrons outweigh the protons the nucleus then becomes unstable.
- This then causes energy to leak and it is then called a radioactive decay
- Radioactive decay is spontaneous and will put out energy regardless
- There are three types of radiation during radioactive decay: alpha, beta, and gamma.
- Alpha particles can be stopped by paper and even dead skin cells because they are large and this makes it hard to travel
- Beta rays can be stopped by aluminum foil and pieces of wood.
- Gamma rays are also called electromagnetic radiation, the light we see today.
- X-rays are not emitted during a radioactive decay, they may pass through paper, wood, and the human body. They can be stopped by several meters of concrete or even lead.
Cool, Ms. 2.D Nuclear Chemistry. Merced: Ms. Cool, 2013. Print.
Vocabulary
- Atomic number-the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
- Mass number-the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
- Protons- positively charged particles in an atom, the number of protons make up the atomic number
- Electrons-negatively charged particles in an atom that equal the number of protons.
- Neutrons- neutrally charged particles in an atom that are not always equal to the number of protons or electrons.
- Isotopes-each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus
- Periodic Table-each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus
- Metals-good conductors, ductile, and malleable.
- Non-Metals- bad conductors, brittle,
- Semi Metals- are typically semi-conductors, which means that they both insulate and conduct electricity.
- Periods- are usually the rows on a periodic table
- Families or Groups- are usually horizontal on the periodic table.
- Radiation-is the penetrating rays that are emitted from a radioactive source.
- Radioactive Decay-occurs when the number of neutrons outweigh the number of protons.
Fisch, Leah. "Atomic Structure and Subatomic Particles." YouTube. YouTube, 15 Aug. 2012. Web. 28 May 2014.